Atoms Revisited: A New Atom Model

The author introduces an innovative model of atoms, molecules, and spectral phenomenon as an alternative to quantum mechanics. The atom model is based on the electron as a stable particle, consistent with Einstein’s scientific philosophy of reality, and is divergent from quantum theory. It is applicable to physics, chemistry, and the philosophy of science: (1) Physics, the movement of electron during ionization forms an electron chain that produces spectral lines and is the phenomenon underlying quantum theory. (2) Chemistry, molecular structures are illustrated by electron ring diagrams, which include such diverse factors as electron distribution, and both the bond angle and distance between atoms of molecular structures and thereby eliminates the need for resonance forms. (3) Philosophy, it argues for reality. Although it is antithetical to quantum theory, it is based on elementary principles and is at a level suitable for high school and undergraduate college science.